Extracurricular activities are a distinctive feature of Japanese school education. They play a crucial role in student life, fostering discipline, teamwork, and personal growth. They typically start in junior high school and continue through high school and even university. There are 2 types of extracurricular activities, “bukatsu” and “circle”. They have distinct differences in their structure, purpose, and level of commitment.
Bukatsu – Club Activities
– Found in **junior high schools, high schools, and universities.
– Often strict and competitive, especially in junior high schools/high schools.
– Focus on skill improvement, teamwork, and discipline.
– Practices are frequent—almost daily—and can be intense.
– Many aim to participate in competitions at a regional or national level.
– Strong senpai-kouhai (senior-junior) hierarchy.
Circle – University Circles
– Found mainly in universities, not junior high schools or high schools.
– Less strict and more social, focusing on enjoyment rather than competition.
– Activities are flexible—meetings a few times a week or even just once a month.
– Members can join multiple circles, unlike bukatsu.
– Often organize trips, parties, and casual gatherings in addition to their main activity.
Key Difference: Intensity & Purpose
– Bukatsu is serious, structured, and focused on growth & competition.
– Circles are casual, community-driven, and meant for socializing & light practice.
Many universities have circles for international students. Joining a circle may be able to make your studying in Japan more exciting.